About the Authors

Mariko Miki

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan, Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

Yo Shimazu

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

Ryo Daniel Obara

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan

Takashi Nagamine

Roles Data curation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Okinawa Wildlife Federation, Uruma, Okinawa, Japan

Yumiko Nakaya

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Okinawa Wildlife Federation, Uruma, Okinawa, Japan

Yoshinori Ikenaka

Roles Formal analysis, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, Water Research Group, School of Environmental Sciences and Development, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa, Translational Research Unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan

Hiromi Osaki

Roles Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Development, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan

Takashi Kimura

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

Takahiro Hiono

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

Norikazu Isoda

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

Takao Shishido

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Disease Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka, Japan

Yoshihiro Sakoda

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

sakoda@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp

Affiliations Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Disease Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan, International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan, Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan

Competing Interests

M.M. is a former employee, and R.O, H.O., and T.S. are current employees of Shionogi & Co., Ltd. M.M., Y.S., T.N., Y.N., Y.I., T.K., T.H., N.I., and Y.S. received financial support from Shionogi & Co., Ltd., for the studies reported in this article. The authors have affirmed that the organizations had no influence on the study’s outcomes or conclusions.