About the Authors

Shunuan Xie

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

emily2010@qdu.edu.cn

Affiliation School of Foreign Language Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China

Linxiang Guo

Roles Data curation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Foreign Language Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China

Wen Zhang

Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Foreign Language Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.