About the Authors

Ishmael D. Norman

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Academic Division, Ghana Armed Forces Command and Staff College, Accra, Ghana, Department of Criminology, Institute for Security, Disaster and Emergency Studies, Langma, Ghana

Emmanuel Dodzi Kpeglo

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

emmanuel.kpeglo@upsamail.edu.gh

Affiliation Department of Economics and Actuarial Science, University of Professional Studies, Accra, Ghana

Saralees Nadarajah

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Software, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mathematics, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.