About the Authors

Hannah R. Volkman

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

hannah.volkman@pfizer.com

Affiliation Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Leonie de Munter

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation P95 Clinical and Epidemiology Services, Leuven, Belgium

Jennifer L. Nguyen

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Thao M. P. Tran

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation P95 Clinical and Epidemiology Services, Leuven, Belgium

Marianna Mitratza

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation P95 Clinical and Epidemiology Services, Leuven, Belgium

Cátia Marques

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Laura Choi

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Srinivas Valluri

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Jingyan Yang

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Andrés Antón

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Microbiology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Irma Casas

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Carretera del Canyet, Badalona, Barcelona, Spain

Eduardo Conde-Sousa

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation P95 Clinical and Epidemiology Services, Leuven, Belgium

Laura Drikite

Roles Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation P95 Clinical and Epidemiology Services, Leuven, Belgium

Beate Grüner

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine III, Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Ulm, Ulm, Germany

Giancarlo Icardi

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centro Interuniversitario per la Ricerca sull’Influenza e le altre Infezioni Trasmissibili - IRCCS Policlinico San Martino Hospital, Genoa, Italy

Gerrit Luit ten Kate

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Edegem, Belgium

Charlotte Martin

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Le Centre Hospitalier Universitaire St Pierre, Brussels, Belgium

Ainara Mira-Iglesias

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Vaccine Research Department, Fisabio – Public Health, Valencia, Spain, Biomedical Research Consortium of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER-ESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain

Alejandro Orrico-Sánchez

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Vaccine Research Department, Fisabio – Public Health, Valencia, Spain, Biomedical Research Consortium of Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBER-ESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain

Susana Otero-Romero

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology Department, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain, Department of Neurology/Neuroimmunology, Centro de Esclerosis Múltiple de Catalunya (Cemcat), Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

Gernot Rohde

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Respiratory Medicine, Medical Clinic I, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany

Luis Jodar

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

John M. McLaughlin

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pfizer Inc., New York, New York, United States of America

Kaatje Bollaerts

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation P95 Clinical and Epidemiology Services, Leuven, Belgium

Competing Interests

Pfizer Inc. funded this study. HRV, JLN, C Marques, LC, SV, JY, LJ, and JMML are employees of Pfizer Inc. HRV, JLN, LC, SV, JY, LJ, and JMML hold stocks or stock options in Pfizer Inc. EC-S, KB, LD, LdM, MM, and TMPT are employees of P95 Clinical and Epidemiology Services, which received funding from Pfizer in connection with the development of this manuscript. TMPT declares the possibility of owning stock or stock options in P95. KB has received consulting fees from Pfizer Inc. for conducting this study. AOS declares payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speaker bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from GSK, MSD, and Sanofi. AOS also reports support from GSK, MSD, and Sanofi to their institution for attending meetings and/or travel. IC reports support from Pfizer for congress attendance. AM-I reports being associated with the Fisabio foundation. Fisabio received funding from P95 via id.DRIVE to conduct the study. GR declares being the chairman of the executive board (unpaid) of the CAPNETZ foundation. Furthermore, GR reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Atriva, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Insmed, MSD, Sanofi, Novartis, and Pfizer for consultancy during advisory board meetings and personal fees from AstraZeneca, Berlin Chemie, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Essex Pharma, Grifols, GSK, Insmed, MSD, Roche, Sanofi, Solvay, Takeda, Novartis, Pfizer, and Vertex for lectures. SO-R declares consulting fees from Moderna and Sanofi, and payment or honoraria for lectures, presentations, speakers bureaus, manuscript writing, or educational events from GSK and AstraZeneca. Moreover, SO-R reports support from Pfizer for attending meetings and/or travel. AA, BG, C Martin, EC-S, GI, GLtK, LdM, LD, and MM declare no conflicts of interest. This does not alter authors’ adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.