About the Authors

Yuanyuan Ren

Contributed equally to this work with: Yuanyuan Ren, Xiaotong Cui, Xuelian Zheng

Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Resources, Validation

Affiliation Transportation College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China

Xiaotong Cui

Contributed equally to this work with: Yuanyuan Ren, Xiaotong Cui, Xuelian Zheng

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliation School of Automotive Engineering, Changchun Institute of Technology, Changchun, Jilin, China

Xuelian Zheng

Contributed equally to this work with: Yuanyuan Ren, Xiaotong Cui, Xuelian Zheng

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

zhengxuelian@jlu.edu.cn

Affiliation Transportation College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China

Xiansheng Li

Roles Conceptualization, Supervision

‡ XL and JX also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Transportation College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China

Jianfeng Xi

Roles Funding acquisition, Resources

‡ XL and JX also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Transportation College, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.