About the Authors

Worapong Kosaruk

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

worapong.kosa@cmu.ac.th

Affiliations Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Elephant, Wildlife and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Veerasak Punyapornwithaya

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Chatchote Thitaram

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand, Elephant, Wildlife and Companion Animals Research Group, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand

Pichamon Ueangpaibool

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Elephant Institute, Elephant Hospital, Thai Elephant Conservation Center, Forest Industry Organization, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, Lampang, Thailand

Nawapa Hirannithithamrong

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation National Institute of Elephant Research and Health Service, Division of Animal Welfare and Veterinary Service, Department of Livestock Development, Surin, Thailand

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.