An interrupted time series analysis of the effect of the quality improvement team on the rate of adverse events in the Botswana safe male circumcision program from 2015 to 2019

Ludo S. Monene; Billy M. Tsima; Keikantse Matlhagela; Mooketsi Molefi

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0335587

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

An interrupted time series analysis of the effect of the quality improvement team on the rate of adverse events in the Botswana safe male circumcision program from 2015 to 2019

Ludo S. Monene ,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: ludomonene@gmail.com

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4283-4498

⨯
Billy M. Tsima,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
⨯
Keikantse Matlhagela,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
⨯
Mooketsi Molefi

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana
⨯

An interrupted time series analysis of the effect of the quality improvement team on the rate of adverse events in the Botswana safe male circumcision program from 2015 to 2019

Ludo S. Monene,
Billy M. Tsima,
Keikantse Matlhagela,
Mooketsi Molefi

Published: December 12, 2025
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0335587

About the Authors

Ludo S. Monene

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: ludomonene@gmail.com

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4283-4498

Billy M. Tsima

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana

Keikantse Matlhagela

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana

Mooketsi Molefi

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Circumcision
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HIV
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Botswana
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Adverse events
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Age groups
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Circumcision for HIV prevention
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HIV prevention
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Time series analysis
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