About the Authors

Max E. Liebl

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

max.liebl@charite.de

Affiliation Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Anett Reisshauer

Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany

Dana Loudovici-Krug

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University Hospital Jena, Institute of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany

Philipp Baumbach

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany

Katharina S. Appel

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute for Digital Medicine and Clinical Data Science, Frankfurt, Germany

Sabine Blaschke

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Central Emergency Department, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

Johanna Erber

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation TUM School of Medicine and Health – Clinical Department for Internal Medicine II, TUM University Hospital, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

Ilka Grewe

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute for Infection Research and Vaccine Development, Hamburg, Germany

Marina Hagen

Roles Investigation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department II of Internal Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany

Ekaterina Heim

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Trusted Third Party of the University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

Sina M. Pütz

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany

Kristin Lehnert

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany, Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany

Patrick Meybohm

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Würzburg, Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Würzburg, Germany

Olga Miljukov

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations University of Würzburg, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg, Germany, University Hospital Würzburg, Institute for Medical Data Science, Würzburg, Germany

Milena Milovanovic

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Malteser Krankenhaus St. Franziskus Hospital, Medical Clinic I, Flensburg, Germany

Susana M. Nunes de Miranda

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany

Christoph Römmele

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Internal Medicine III – Gastroenterology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany

Phil-Robin Tepasse

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine B for Gastroenterology, University Hospital Münster, Hepatology, Endocrinology and Clinical Infectiology, Münster, Germany

Jörg J. Vehreschild

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Faculty of Medicine, Goethe University Frankfurt, Institute for Digital Medicine and Clinical Data Science, Frankfurt, Germany, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Department I of Internal Medicine, University of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf, Cologne, Germany, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner-Site Cologne-Bonn, Cologne, Germany

Norman Weinert

Roles Data curation, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medical Informatics, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany

Martin Weigl

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Musculoskeletal University Center Munich (MUM), University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany

Julia Wendel

Affiliation University of Würzburg, Institute for Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, Würzburg, Germany

Christina Lemhöfer

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University Hospital Jena, Institute of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany

Competing Interests

EJ received honoraria for lectures and/or travel expenses support from Gilead Sciences. EJ and SMH received travel expenses support from Tillots Pharma AG. JJV has received honoraria from Merck / MSD, Gilead, Pfizer, Astellas Pharma, Basilea, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University Hospital Freiburg/ Congress and Communication, Academy for Infectious Medicine, University Manchester, German Society for Infectious Diseases (DGI), Ärztekammer Nordrhein, Ärztekammer Hessen, University Hospital Aachen, Back Bay Strategies, German Society for Internal Medicine (DGIM), Shionogi, Molecular Health, Netzwerk Universitätsmedizin, Janssen, NordForsk, Biontech, APOGEPHA, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital Oldenburg. JJV has received support for attending meetings and/or travel from German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), University Manchester, German Society for Infectious Diseases (DGI), University Hospital Aachen, German Society for Internal Medicine (DGIM), Netzwerk Universitätsmedizin, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK). JJV participate on Data Safety Monitoring Board or Advisory Board of Merck / MSD, Gilead, Pfizer, Astellas Pharma, Basilea, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Academy for Infectious Medicine, University Manchester, German Society for Infectious Diseases (DGI), German Society for Internal Medicine (DGIM), Netzwerk Universitätsmedizin, Janssen, Biontech. JJV received grants or contracts from Merck/MSD, Gilead, Pfizer, Astellas Pharma, Basilea, German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF), Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), University of Bristol, Rigshospitalet Copenhagen, German Network University Medicine, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Federal Ministry of Health (BMG), European Union. The funders provided support for authors EJ, SMH, and JJV, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific roles of these authors are articulated in the ‘author contributions’ section.