About the Authors

Ying Fang

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vehicle-infrastructure Cooperation and Traffic Control, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China

Zhengqi Zhang

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision

Affiliation Key Laboratory for Special Area Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Chang’an University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China

Fei Zhou

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision

zhoufei_dj0521@163.com

Affiliations School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China, Hubei Key Laboratory of Vehicle-infrastructure Cooperation and Traffic Control, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, Hubei, China

Hengbin Liu

Roles Methodology, Validation, Visualization

Affiliation School of Transportation and Civil Engineering, Shandong Jiaotong University, Ji’nan, Shandong, China

Zhongnan Tian

Roles Validation, Visualization

Affiliation Hebei Provincial Communications Planning, Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.