About the Authors

Alexander Thomas Schade

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

alexander.schade@gmail.com

Affiliations Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust, Blantyre, Malawi, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom, Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi

Linda Alinafe Sande

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust, Blantyre, Malawi

Ewan Tomeny

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Maureen Sabawo

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi

Nyamulani Nohakhelha

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi

Kaweme Mwafulirwa

Roles Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi

Leonard Banza Ngoie

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Kamuzu Central Hospital, Lilongwe, Malawi

Andrew John Metcalfe

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom

David Griffith Lalloo

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom

William James Harrison

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust, Chester, United Kingdom, AO Alliance, Davos, Switzerland

Jason J. Madan

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation University of Warwick Medical School, Coventry, United Kingdom

Peter MacPherson

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

“The authors have declared that no competing interests exist”.