About the Authors

Nyagwaswa Athanas Michael

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

nyagwaswamichael@gmail.com

Affiliations School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong, Peoples’ Republic of China, School of Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Lilian Teddy Mselle

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Nursing, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Costansia Anselim Bureta

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Neurosurgery, Muhimbili Orthopedic Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Yingjuan Cao

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong, Peoples’ Republic of China, Department of Nursing, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan City, Shandong, Peoples’ Republic of China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.