About the Authors

Jennifer E. Stolarczuk

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Monica Sosa

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Mindy Pike

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Alexis Baranoff

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Ava Lekander

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Hye Cho

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, United States of America

Erin A. Goecker

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Alexander L. Greninger

Roles Data curation, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Linda O. Eckert

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Janet A. Englund

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Alisa Kachikis

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

abk26@uw.edu

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors do not have conflicts of interests to disclose related to this publication. Outside of this work, A.K. was an unpaid consultant for Pfizer and GlaxoSmithKline and was co-investigator on a study funded by Merck. A.K. is co-investigator on studies funded by Pfizer. J.A.E. receives grant support to her institution from Merck, GlaxoSmithKline, AstraZeneca, and Pfizer and is a consultant for Abbvie, AstraZeneca, GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, Moderna, Sanofi Pasteur and Meissa Vaccines, Inc. A.L.G. reports central contract testing from Abbott, Cepheid, Novavax, Pfizer, Janssen and Hologic and research support from Gilead, outside of the described work. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products associated with this research to declare. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.