About the Authors

Lauren H. Beauregard

Roles Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America

Jeffrey J. Bazarian

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, New York, United States of America

Blair D. Johnson

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America, Program in Neuroscience, The College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America

Hu Cheng

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Program in Neuroscience, The College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America

Gage Ellis

Roles Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America, Program in Neuroscience, The College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America

William Kronenberger

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States of America

Philip C. Calder

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom

Zhongxue Chen

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation College of Health Solutions, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, United States of America

Patricia Silveyra

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America

Patrick D. Quinn

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Program in Neuroscience, The College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America, Department of Applied Health Science, School of Public Health-Bloomington, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America

Sharlene D. Newman

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Alabama Life Research Institute, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama, United States of America

Timothy D. Mickleborough

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America

Keisuke Kawata

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

kkawata@iu.edu

Affiliations Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America, Program in Neuroscience, The College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America

Competing Interests

Authors (Beauregard, Johnson, Cheng, Ellis, Kronenberger, Chen, Silveyra, Quinn, Newman, Mickleborough, Kawata) report no conflict of interest relevant to the manuscript. Dr. Bazarian reports the interest with Abbott Diagnostics (research support, speaker fees) and BioMerieux (advisory panel, research support). Dr. Calder acts as an ad hoc consultant/advisor to BASF, Danone Nutricia Research, dsm-firmenich, Bunge, Fresenius-Kabi, B. Braun Melsungen, Nestle, Baxter Healthcare, Abbott Nutrition, Bayer Consumer Care and Haleon; has received speaking honoraria from Fresenius-Kabi, Abbott Nutrition and Eqology; and has had recent funding from B. Braun Melsungen. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. This study is supported by National Institutes of Health – National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS137276). Sponsors had no role in the design or execution of the study; collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or decision to submit the manuscript for publication.