About the Authors

Victoria A. Bensel

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

victoria.bensel@yale.edu

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Solomon Research Center at Yale School of Law, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Zachary Cupler

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Physical Medicine and Rehabilitative Services, Butler VA Health Care System, Butler, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Institute for Clinical Research Education, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Olivia Poppen

Roles Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Anesthesia and Physical Medicine Service, VA Orlando Health Care, Orlando, Florida, United States of America, Palmer College of Chiropractic, Davenport, Iowa, United States of America, Northeast College of Health Sciences, Seneca Falls, New York, United States of America, Parker University, Dallas, Texas, United States of America

Jane Joyce

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Northeast College of Health Sciences, Seneca Falls, New York, United States of America, Surgical Services, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Mike Allgeier

Roles Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Northeast College of Health Sciences, Seneca Falls, New York, United States of America, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, VA Finger Lakes Health Care System, Rochester, New York, United States of America

Michael Wiles

Roles Methodology

Affiliations School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Doctor of Chiropractic Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America, Universidad Central del Caribe, Bayamon, Puerto Rico, United States of America

Mary Driscoll

Roles Methodology

Affiliations Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities, and Education (PRIME) Center, Virginia Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Kristy Carbonelli-Cloutier

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Parker University, Dallas, Texas, United States of America

Brian C. Coleman

Roles Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Informatics and Data Science, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Pain Research, Informatics, Multimorbidities, and Education (PRIME) Center, Virginia Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, Connecticut, United States of America, Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America

Competing Interests

The views expressed in this protocol are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Department of Veterans Affairs, the United States government, nor the academic institutions of the authors. The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.