About the Authors

Shuliang Zhao

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ SZ and HJ are contributed equally to this work and co-first authors.

Affiliations Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China, School of Nursing, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China

Huimin Jiang

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Writing – original draft

‡ SZ and HJ are contributed equally to this work and co-first authors.

Affiliation School of Nursing, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China

Yiqun Miao

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation

Affiliation School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China

Wenwen Liu

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China

Yanan Li

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology

Affiliation School of Nursing, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China

Yuanyuan Zhang

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration

Affiliation School of Nursing, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China

Aihua Wang

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Wangaihua64@163.com (AW); lcyxycxh@163.com (XC)

Affiliation School of Nursing, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China

Xinghui Cui

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Wangaihua64@163.com (AW); lcyxycxh@163.com (XC)

Affiliation Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.