About the Authors

G. Justus Hofmeyr

Contributed equally to this work with: G. Justus Hofmeyr, Charles Morrison, Timothy D. Mastro, Jared M. Baeten

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana, Effective Care Research Unit, University of the Witwatersrand/Walter Sisulu University, East London, South Africa

Mandisa Singata-Madliki

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Effective Care Research Unit, University of Witwatersrand, University of Fort Hare, East London, South Africa

Joanne Batting

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Effective Care Research Unit, University of Witwatersrand, University of Fort Hare, East London, South Africa

Petrus Steyn

Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation UNDP/UNFPA/UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction, Geneva, Switzerland

Katherine K. Thomas

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Rodal Issema

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America

Ivana Beesham

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

ibeesham@gmail.com

Affiliation Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MatCH Research Unit (MRU), University of the Witwatersrand, Durban, South Africa

Enough Mbatsane

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Setshaba Research Centre, Pretoria, South Africa

Charles Morrison

Contributed equally to this work with: G. Justus Hofmeyr, Charles Morrison, Timothy D. Mastro, Jared M. Baeten

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Jen Deese

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Pfizer Inc., Collegeville, Pennsylvania, United States of America

Jenni Smit

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, MatCH Research Unit (MRU), University of the Witwatersrand, Durban, South Africa

Neena Philip

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Mailman School of Public Health, ICAP at Columbia University, New York, New York, United States of America

Thesla Palanee-Phillips

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

Krishnaveni Reddy

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Wits Reproductive Health and HIV Institute, School of Public Health, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa

Maricianah Onono

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Kenya Medical Research Institute, Centre for Microbiology Research, Kisumu, Kenya

Timothy D. Mastro

Contributed equally to this work with: G. Justus Hofmeyr, Charles Morrison, Timothy D. Mastro, Jared M. Baeten

Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation FHI 360, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America

Jared M. Baeten

Contributed equally to this work with: G. Justus Hofmeyr, Charles Morrison, Timothy D. Mastro, Jared M. Baeten

Roles Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America, Gilead Sciences, Foster City, California, United States of America

on behalf of Evidence for Contraceptive Options and HIV Outcomes (ECHO) Trial Consortium

Membership of the ECHO Trial Consortium is provided in the Acknowledgments

Competing Interests

GJH has an interest in a blood loss monitoring device which is unrelated to this paper. JMB is an employee of Gilead Sciences, outside of the present work. JD joined Pfizer after the study was completed; and was previously with FHI 360. MSM, JB, PS, KKT, RI, IB, EM, CM, JD, JS, NP, TPP, KR, MO and TDM declare no conflict of interest. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products associated with this research to declare.