About the Authors

Tingting Zhang

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Economics, Capital University of Economics and Business, Huaxiang, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China

Wenxuan Wang

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Economics and Finance, Huaqiao University, Fengze District, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362021, China

Chunyu Li

Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation College of Mathematics and Statistics, Hebei University of Economics and Business, Xinhua District, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050061, China

Xiaofan Wang

Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

wangxf6591@163.com

Affiliation Department of Finance, Shandong Technology and Business University, Laishan District, Yantai, Shandong, 264005, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.