Sublethal effects of imidacloprid-contaminated honey stores on colony performance, queens, and worker activities in fall and early winter colonies

Mark J. Carroll; Nicholas J. Brown; Dylan Reitz

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0292376

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Peer-reviewed

Research Article

Sublethal effects of imidacloprid-contaminated honey stores on colony performance, queens, and worker activities in fall and early winter colonies

Mark J. Carroll ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Carroll, Nicholas J. Brown, Dylan Reitz

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: Mark.Carroll@usda.gov

Affiliation Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9149-4282

⨯
Nicholas J. Brown ,

Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Carroll, Nicholas J. Brown, Dylan Reitz

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
⨯
Dylan Reitz

Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Carroll, Nicholas J. Brown, Dylan Reitz

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
⨯

Sublethal effects of imidacloprid-contaminated honey stores on colony performance, queens, and worker activities in fall and early winter colonies

Mark J. Carroll,
Nicholas J. Brown,
Dylan Reitz

Published: January 2, 2024
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0292376

About the Authors

Mark J. Carroll

Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Carroll, Nicholas J. Brown, Dylan Reitz

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: Mark.Carroll@usda.gov

Affiliation Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9149-4282

Nicholas J. Brown

Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Carroll, Nicholas J. Brown, Dylan Reitz

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

Dylan Reitz

Contributed equally to this work with: Mark J. Carroll, Nicholas J. Brown, Dylan Reitz

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Carl Hayden Bee Research Center USDA-ARS, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America

Competing Interests

The lead/corresponding author serves as an Academic Editor for PLOS ONE.

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Social systems
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Pollen
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Honey
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Honey bees
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Public and occupational health
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Foraging
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Bees
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Sperm
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