About the Authors

Hsueh-Han Yeh

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

hyeh1@hfhs.org

Affiliation Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Cathryn Peltz-Rauchman

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Christine C. Johnson

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Pamala A. Pawloski

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HealthPartners Institute, Bloomington, Minnesota, United States of America

David Chesla

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Office of Research and Education, Spectrum Health, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America

Stephen C. Waring

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Essentia Health, Essentia Institute of Rural Health, Duluth, Minnesota, United States of America

Alan B. Stevens

Roles Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Applied Health Research, Baylor Scott & White Health, Temple, Texas, United States of America

Mara Epstein

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, United States of America

Christine Joseph

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Lisa R. Miller-Matero

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Behavioral Health Services, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Hongsheng Gui

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Behavioral Health Services, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Amy Tang

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Public Health Sciences, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Eric Boerwinkle

Roles Project administration

Affiliation School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Mine Cicek

Roles Project administration

Affiliation Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States of America

Cheryl R. Clark

Roles Project administration

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Elizabeth Cohn

Roles Project administration

Affiliation Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, New York, United States of America

Kelly Gebo

Roles Project administration

Affiliation Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Roxana Loperena

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Kelsey Mayo

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Vanderbilt Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Stephen Mockrin

Roles Project administration

Affiliation All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Lucila Ohno-Machado

Roles Project administration

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Informatics, UCSD Health, La Jolla, California, United States of America

Sheri Schully

Roles Project administration

Affiliation All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America

Andrea H. Ramirez

Roles Project administration

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Jun Qian

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Brian K. Ahmedani

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for Health Policy and Health Services Research, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Behavioral Health Services, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.