About the Authors

Yuki Morikawa

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

icb13880@nifty.com

Current address: Doctoral Program of Nursing, International University of Health and Welfare, Tokyo, Japan

Affiliation Graduate Program of Midwifery, Sapporo City University School of Nursing, Sapporo, Japan

Yukari Watanabe

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization

Affiliation Graduate Program of Midwifery, Sapporo City University School of Nursing, Sapporo, Japan

Mayumi Yamauchi

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration, Visualization

Current address: Department of Nursing, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan

Affiliation Graduate Program of Midwifery, Sapporo City University School of Nursing, Sapporo, Japan

Mayumi Yamamoto

Roles Data curation, Investigation

Affiliation Graduate Program of Midwifery, Sapporo City University School of Nursing, Sapporo, Japan

Mamoru Morikawa

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Resources, Software, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Current address: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan

Kazumi Ishibiki

Roles Data curation, Investigation

Affiliation Graduate Program of Midwifery, Sapporo City University School of Nursing, Sapporo, Japan

Mai Ohtomo

Roles Data curation, Investigation

Affiliation Graduate Program of Midwifery, Sapporo City University School of Nursing, Sapporo, Japan

Michiko Miyazaki

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Validation

Affiliation Graduate Program of Midwifery, Sapporo City University School of Nursing, Sapporo, Japan

Keiko Nakamura

Roles Methodology, Supervision, Validation

Affiliation Graduate School of Nursing, Sapporo City University School of Nursing, Sapporo, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.