About the Authors

Gillian Ray-Barruel

Contributed equally to this work with: Gillian Ray-Barruel, Jennifer Horowitz

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

g.raybarruel@uq.edu.au

Affiliations School of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia, Herston Infectious Diseases Institute, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland, Australia, Alliance for Vascular Access Teaching and Research, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia

Jennifer Horowitz

Contributed equally to this work with: Gillian Ray-Barruel, Jennifer Horowitz

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, The Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Consortium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Elizabeth McLaughlin

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Writing – review & editing

‡ EM, SF and VC also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, The Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Consortium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Scott Flanders

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

‡ EM, SF and VC also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, The Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Consortium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Vineet Chopra

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

‡ EM, SF and VC also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations The Michigan Hospital Medicine Safety Consortium, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: GRB reports investigator-initiated research grants, speaker fees and consultancy payments provided to her employer by product manufacturers (3M, Becton Dickinson) and education providers (Ausmed, Wolters Kluwer, Continulus), unrelated to this project. SF has received funding from Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Michigan and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. VC has received funding from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality related to the development and implementation of the Michigan Appropriateness Guide for Intravenous Catheters. The authors (JH and SM) have declared that no competing interests exist. The declared competing interests do not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.