The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the menstrual pattern and mental health of the medical students: A mixed-methods study from a low and middle-income country

Rabia Kareem; Mifrah Rauf Sethi; Sumaira Inayat; Muhammad Irfan

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0277288

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Open Access

Peer-reviewed

Research Article

The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the menstrual pattern and mental health of the medical students: A mixed-methods study from a low and middle-income country

Rabia Kareem,

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
⨯
Mifrah Rauf Sethi,

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Mental Health, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
⨯
Sumaira Inayat,

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwest General Hospital and Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan
⨯
Muhammad Irfan

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: mirfan78@yahoo.com

Affiliation Department of Mental Health, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3307-6939

⨯

The effect of COVID-19 vaccination on the menstrual pattern and mental health of the medical students: A mixed-methods study from a low and middle-income country

Rabia Kareem,
Mifrah Rauf Sethi,
Sumaira Inayat,
Muhammad Irfan

Published: November 10, 2022
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277288

About the Authors

Rabia Kareem

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Mifrah Rauf Sethi

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Mental Health, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan

Sumaira Inayat

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwest General Hospital and Research Center, Peshawar, Pakistan

Muhammad Irfan

Roles Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

* E-mail: mirfan78@yahoo.com

Affiliation Department of Mental Health, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Peshawar Medical College, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3307-6939

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

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Vaccination and immunization
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COVID 19
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Vaccines
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Mental health and psychiatry
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Menstrual cycle
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Anxiety
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Depression
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Dysmenorrhoea
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