About the Authors

Patricia Gillen

Contributed equally to this work with: Patricia Gillen, Ruth D. Neill

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

patricia.gillen@southerntrust.hscni.net

Affiliations School of Nursing Jordanstown Campus, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom, Southern Health and Social Care Trust, Portadown, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Ruth D. Neill

Contributed equally to this work with: Patricia Gillen, Ruth D. Neill

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Applied Social and Policy Sciences, Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

John Mallett

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ JM, JM, JM, HS, DC, SM, PN, and JR also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation School of Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

John Moriarty

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ JM, JM, JM, HS, DC, SM, PN, and JR also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation School of Social Sciences, Education and Social Work, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Jill Manthorpe

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ JM, JM, JM, HS, DC, SM, PN, and JR also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation NIHR Policy Research Unit in Health and Social Care Workforce, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

Heike Schroder

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ JM, JM, JM, HS, DC, SM, PN, and JR also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Queen’s Management School, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Denise Currie

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ JM, JM, JM, HS, DC, SM, PN, and JR also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Queen’s Management School, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Susan McGrory

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ JM, JM, JM, HS, DC, SM, PN, and JR also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation School of Nursing Jordanstown Campus, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Patricia Nicholl

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ JM, JM, JM, HS, DC, SM, PN, and JR also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation School of Social Sciences, Education and Social Work, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Jermaine Ravalier

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ JM, JM, JM, HS, DC, SM, PN, and JR also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation School of Science, Bath Spa University, Bath, United Kingdom

Paula McFadden

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Applied Social and Policy Sciences, Ulster University, Derry-Londonderry, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.