About the Authors

Molly J. Stout

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America

Jessica Chubiz

Roles Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Nandini Raghuraman

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Peinan Zhao

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Methodius G. Tuuli

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America

Lihong V. Wang

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, United States of America

Alison G. Cahill

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Women’s Health, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Phillip S. Cuculich

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Yong Wang

Roles Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Emily S. Jungheim

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

Erik D. Herzog

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Justin Fay

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biology, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, United States of America

Alan L. Schwartz

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

George A. Macones

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Women’s Health, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States of America

Sarah K. England

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

englands@wustl.edu

Affiliation Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.