About the Authors

Gabriel S. Tajeu

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

gabriel.tajeu@temple.edu

Affiliation Department of Health Services Administration and Policy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America

Calvin L. Colvin

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America

Shakia T. Hardy

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America

Adam P. Bress

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, United States of America

Bamba Gaye

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations INSERM, U970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Epidemiology, Paris, France, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris, France

Byron C. Jaeger

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Wake Forest, NC, United States of America

Gbenga Ogedegbe

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America

Swati Sakhuja

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America

Mario Sims

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States of America

Daichi Shimbo

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, United States of America

Emily C. O’Brien

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Departments of Population Health Sciences and Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America

Tanya M. Spruill

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Population Health, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America

Paul Muntner

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America

Competing Interests

P. Muntner receives grant funding and consulting fees from Amgen, Inc, unrelated to topic in the current manuscript. The other authors report no conflicts. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products associated with this research to declare. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.