About the Authors

Saeko Kamoshida

Contributed equally to this work with: Saeko Kamoshida, Naoto Nihonmatsu

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

saeko.kamoshida@gmail.com

Affiliation Graduate School of Education, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Naoto Nihonmatsu

Contributed equally to this work with: Saeko Kamoshida, Naoto Nihonmatsu

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Graduate School of Education, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan, Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Tokyo, Japan

Gen Takagi

Roles Supervision

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work

Affiliation Faculty of Comprehensive Welfare, Tohoku Fukushi University, Sendai, Japan

Koubun Wakashima

Roles Supervision

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work

Affiliation Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.