About the Authors

Ana Florea

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft

ana.florea@kp.org

Affiliation Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Lina S. Sy

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Project administration, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Yi Luo

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Lei Qian

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Katia J. Bruxvoort

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America

Bradley K. Ackerson

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Gina S. Lee

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Jennifer H. Ku

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Julia E. Tubert

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Yun Tian

Roles Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Carla A. Talarico

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Moderna, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America

Hung Fu Tseng

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Research and Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Pasadena, CA, United States of America, Department of Health Systems Science, Kaiser Permanente Bernard J. Tyson School of Medicine, Pasadena, CA, United States of America

Competing Interests

AF, LSS, YL, LQ, BKA, GSL, JHK, JET, YT, and HFT are employees of Kaiser Permanente Southern California, which has been contracted by Moderna to conduct this study. KJB is an adjunct investigator at Kaiser Permanente Southern California. CAT is an employee of and a shareholder in Moderna Inc. AF received funding from Pfizer, GlaxoSmithKline, and Gilead unrelated to this manuscript. LSS received funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Dynavax, and Seqirus unrelated to this manuscript. YL received funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Seqirus and Pfizer unrelated to this manuscript. LQ received funding from GlaxoSmithKline and Dynavax unrelated to this manuscript. KJB received funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Dynavax, Pfizer, Gilead, and Seqirus unrelated to this manuscript. BKA received funding from GlaxoSmithKline, Dynavax, Seqirus and Pfizer unrelated to this manuscript. GSL received funding from GlaxoSmithKline unrelated to this manuscript. JHK received funding from GlaxoSmithKline unrelated to this manuscript. JET received funding from Pfizer unrelated to this manuscript. YT received funding from GlaxoSmithKline unrelated to this manuscript. HFT received funding from GlaxoSmithKline and Seqirus unrelated to this manuscript; HFT also served in advisory boards for Janssen and Pfizer. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and material.