About the Authors

Gail M. Thornton

Contributed equally to this work with: Gail M. Thornton, Brian A. Fleck, Lisa Hartling

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Brian A. Fleck

Contributed equally to this work with: Gail M. Thornton, Brian A. Fleck, Lisa Hartling

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

brian.fleck@ualberta.ca

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Natalie Fleck

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ NF, EK and DD also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Emily Kroeker

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ NF, EK and DD also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Dhyey Dandnayak

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ NF, EK and DD also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Lexuan Zhong

Roles Funding acquisition, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Lisa Hartling

Contributed equally to this work with: Gail M. Thornton, Brian A. Fleck, Lisa Hartling

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada

Competing Interests

Dr. Fleck is an unpaid advisor for Pura Air Inc. in Vancouver. All other authors have no competing interests.