About the Authors

Sabrina Stöckli

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

s.stoeckli@exeter.ac.uk (SS); m.barnfield@exeter.ac.uk (MB)

Affiliation Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom

Anna Katharina Spälti

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom

Joseph Phillips

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Psychology, University of Kent, Canterbury, United Kingdom

Florian Stoeckel

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom

Matthew Barnfield

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

s.stoeckli@exeter.ac.uk (SS); m.barnfield@exeter.ac.uk (MB)

Affiliation Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom

Jack Thompson

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom

Benjamin Lyons

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Communication, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America

Vittorio Mérola

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Political Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, United States of America

Paula Szewach

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom

Jason Reifler

Contributed equally to this work with: Sabrina Stöckli, Anna Katharina Spälti, Joseph Phillips, Florian Stoeckel, Matthew Barnfield, Jack Thompson, Benjamin Lyons, Vittorio Mérola, Paula Szewach, Jason Reifler

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Politics, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.