About the Authors

Rafael Paez

Contributed equally to this work with: Rafael Paez, Chirayu Shah

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

chirayu.shah@vumc.org (CS); rafael.paez@vumc.org (RP)

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Chirayu Shah

Contributed equally to this work with: Rafael Paez, Chirayu Shah

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

chirayu.shah@vumc.org (CS); rafael.paez@vumc.org (RP)

Affiliations Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Angelina J. Cords

Roles Data curation, Investigation

Affiliation Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Anel Muterspaugh

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

John E. Helton

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration

Affiliation Department of Research Service, Tennessee Healthcare Valley System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Sanja Antic

Roles Data curation, Investigation, Project administration

Affiliation Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Rosana Eisenberg

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Heidi Chen

Roles Formal analysis

Affiliation Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Eric L. Grogan

Roles Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Henry C. Manning

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Advanced Biomedical Imaging, Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America

Ronald C. Walker

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Pierre P. Massion

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Veterans Affairs Hospital, Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, Cancer Early Detection and Prevention Initiative, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: [HCM is a scientific consultant for Parthenon Therapeutics] The other authors have declared that no competing interests exist.