About the Authors

Ramzy B. Anafo

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana

Yacoba Atiase

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medicine, University of Ghana Medical School, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana

Fleischer C. N. Kotey

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana, FleRhoLife Research Consult, Teshie, Accra, Ghana

Nicholas T. K. D. Dayie

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana

Patience B. Tetteh-Quarcoo

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana

Samuel Duodu

Roles Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology and West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana

Mary-Magdalene Osei

Roles Investigation, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana, FleRhoLife Research Consult, Teshie, Accra, Ghana

Khalid J. Alzahrani

Roles Formal analysis, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia

Eric S. Donkor

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

esampane-donkor@ug.edu.gh, ericsdon@hotmail.com

Affiliation Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana

Competing Interests

FCNK and M-MO are affiliated with FleRhoLife Research Consult, but this firm didnot provide financial support nor play a role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.