About the Authors

Yasna Rostam-Abadi

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Jaleh Gholami

Roles Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Masoumeh Amin-Esmaeili

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Mental Health Department, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Shahab Baheshmat

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Marziyeh Hamzehzadeh

Roles Data curation, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine (SATiM), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Hossein Rafiemanesh

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Student Research Committee, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Morteza Nasserbakht

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Mental Health Research Center, Tehran Psychiatry Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Leila Ghalichi

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Mental Health Research Center, Psychosocial Health Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran

Anousheh Safarcherati

Roles Data curation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Farhad Taremian

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Substance Abuse and Dependence research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Ramin Mojtabai

Roles Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Mental Health Department, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

rahimia@tums.ac.ir

Affiliation Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies (INCAS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.