About the Authors

Fu-Shun Hsu

Roles Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Department of Critical Care Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan, Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan

Shang-Ran Huang

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan

Chien-Wen Huang

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Avalanche Computing Inc., Taipei, Taiwan

Chao-Jung Huang

Roles Writing – original draft

Affiliation Joint Research Center for Artificial Intelligence Technology and All Vista Healthcare, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Yuan-Ren Cheng

Roles Methodology, Supervision

Affiliations Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan, Department of Life Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

Chun-Chieh Chen

Roles Methodology, Supervision

Affiliation Avalanche Computing Inc., Taipei, Taiwan

Jack Hsiao

Roles Resources

Affiliation HCC Healthcare Group, New Taipei, Taiwan

Chung-Wei Chen

Roles Resources

Affiliation Department of Critical Care Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan

Li-Chin Chen

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Research Center for Information Technology Innovation, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan

Yen-Chun Lai

Roles Data curation, Supervision

Affiliation Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan

Bi-Fang Hsu

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan

Nian-Jhen Lin

Roles Data curation

Affiliations Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan, Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan

Wan-Ling Tsai

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan

Yi-Lin Wu

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan

Tzu-Ling Tseng

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan

Ching-Ting Tseng

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan

Yi-Tsun Chen

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Heroic Faith Medical Science Co., Ltd., Taipei, Taiwan

Feipei Lai

Roles Supervision, Writing – review & editing

flai@csie.ntu.edu.tw

Affiliation Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan

Competing Interests

FSH, SRH, YRC, YCL, BFH, YLW, TLT and CTT are full-time employees and CJH, NJL, WLT and YTC are part-time employees of Heroic Faith Medical Science Co. Ltd. CWH and CHC are with Avalanche Computing Inc., whom Heroic Faith Medical Science Co. Ltd. commissioned to train the deep learning models. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.”