About the Authors

Yu Gao

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China

Liang Shen

Roles Methodology

Affiliation Department of Business School, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao, China

Runqing Zhan

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology

Affiliation Qingdao University Affiliated Hiser Hospital, Qingdao, China

Xiaoxu Wang

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China

Huanhuan Chen

Roles Data curation

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China

Xiaoli Shen

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

shenxiaoli@qdu.edu.cn

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, The School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.