About the Authors

Shannon Gravely

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

shannon.gravely@uwaterloo.ca

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

Lorraine V. Craig

Roles Resources, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

K. Michael Cummings

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, United States of America

Janine Ouimet

Roles Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

Ruth Loewen

Roles Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

Nadia Martin

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

Janet Chung-Hall

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

Pete Driezen

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

Sara C. Hitchman

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Addictions, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, England

Ann McNeill

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Addictions, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, England, Shaping Public hEalth poliCies To Reduce ineqUalities and harM (SPECTRUM), Nottingham, United Kingdom

Andrew Hyland

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Health Behaviour, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States of America

Anne C. K. Quah

Roles Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

Richard J. O’Connor

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Health Behaviour, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY, United States of America

Ron Borland

Roles Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Psychological Sciences, Melbourne Centre for Behaviour Change, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia

Mary E. Thompson

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

Christian Boudreau

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada

Geoffrey T. Fong

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Psychology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada

Competing Interests

Conflicts of Interest: KMC has served as paid expert witness in litigation filed against cigarette manufacturers. GTF has served as expert witnesses on behalf of governments in litigation involving the tobacco industry. AM is a UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Senior Investigator. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR, the UK Department of Health and Social Care, or Health Canada. KMC has served as paid expert witness in litigation filed against cigarette manufacturers. GTF has served as expert witness on behalf of governments in litigation involving the tobacco industry. AM is a UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Senior Investigator. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the NIHR, the UK Department of Health and Social Care, or Health Canada. All other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.