About the Authors

Elisa Kortela

Contributed equally to this work with: Elisa Kortela, Vesa Kirjavainen, Maarit J. Ahava, Suvi T. Jokiranta

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Vesa Kirjavainen

Contributed equally to this work with: Elisa Kortela, Vesa Kirjavainen, Maarit J. Ahava, Suvi T. Jokiranta

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Maarit J. Ahava

Contributed equally to this work with: Elisa Kortela, Vesa Kirjavainen, Maarit J. Ahava, Suvi T. Jokiranta

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Suvi T. Jokiranta

Contributed equally to this work with: Elisa Kortela, Vesa Kirjavainen, Maarit J. Ahava, Suvi T. Jokiranta

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Anna But

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Biostatistics Consulting, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Anna Lindahl

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Respiratory Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Anu E. Jääskeläinen

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Annemarjut J. Jääskeläinen

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Asko Järvinen

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Pia Jokela

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Hannimari Kallio-Kokko

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Raisa Loginov

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Laura Mannonen

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Eeva Ruotsalainen

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Infectious Diseases, Inflammation Center, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Tarja Sironen

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Olli Vapalahti

Roles Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Maija Lappalainen

Roles Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Hanna-Riikka Kreivi

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Respiratory Medicine, Heart and Lung Center, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Hanna Jarva

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Satu Kurkela

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

satu.kurkela@helsinki.fi

‡ SK and ELKE are Joint Senior Authors.

Affiliation HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland

Eliisa Kekäläinen

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ SK and ELKE are Joint Senior Authors.

Affiliations HUSLAB Clinical Microbiology, HUS Diagnostic Center, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, Translational Immunology Research Program and Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Competing Interests

I have read the journal’s policy and the authors of this manuscript have the following competing interests: Dr. Kortela reports non-financial support from MSD, outside the submitted work. Prof. Järvinen reports lecture honoraria from Astellas, OrionPharma, Pfizer, MSD, Sanofi and UnimedicPharma and consultation fee from CSL Behring outside the submitted manuscript. Dr. Kekäläinen reports a lecture honorarium from MSD. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.