About the Authors

Vahid Anwari

Contributed equally to this work with: Vahid Anwari, William C. K. Ng, Arnaud Romeo Mbadjeu Hondjeu, Azad Mashari

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Joint Department of Medical Imaging, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, The Lynn and Arnold Irwin Advanced Perioperative Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

William C. K. Ng

Contributed equally to this work with: Vahid Anwari, William C. K. Ng, Arnaud Romeo Mbadjeu Hondjeu, Azad Mashari

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

DrWilliam.Ng@mail.utoronto.ca

Affiliations Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Arnaud Romeo Mbadjeu Hondjeu

Contributed equally to this work with: Vahid Anwari, William C. K. Ng, Arnaud Romeo Mbadjeu Hondjeu, Azad Mashari

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Zixuan Xiao

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Software, Visualization

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Edem Afenu

Roles Visualization, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Jessica Trac

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Kate Kazlovich

Roles Visualization, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliations The Lynn and Arnold Irwin Advanced Perioperative Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Joshua Hiansen

Roles Methodology, Resources

‡ These authors also contributed equally to this work.

Affiliation The Lynn and Arnold Irwin Advanced Perioperative Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Azad Mashari

Contributed equally to this work with: Vahid Anwari, William C. K. Ng, Arnaud Romeo Mbadjeu Hondjeu, Azad Mashari

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations The Lynn and Arnold Irwin Advanced Perioperative Imaging Lab, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.