About the Authors

Yukun Wang

Roles Data curation, Methodology, Software, Writing – original draft

Affiliation School of Economics and Management, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Heibei Province, PR China

Chunling Li

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Economics and Management, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Heibei Province, PR China

Muhammad Asif Khan

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

linian@ruc.edu.cn (NL); khanasif82@uokajk.edu.pk (MAK)

Affiliation Department of Commerce, Faculty of Management Sciences, University of Kotli, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Kotli, Pakistan

Nian Li

Roles Conceptualization, Software, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

linian@ruc.edu.cn (NL); khanasif82@uokajk.edu.pk (MAK)

Affiliation School of Economics and Management, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Heibei Province, PR China

Runsen Yuan

Roles Data curation, Methodology

Affiliation School of Economics and Management, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, Heibei Province, PR China

Competing Interests

The authors declare no conflict of interest.