About the Authors

Yan Yan

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Maryam Basij

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Alpana Garg

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Internal Medicine, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Aneesha Varrey

Roles Data curation, Resources, Validation

Affiliations Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Ali Alhousseini

Roles Validation

Affiliations Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan, United States of America

Richard Hsu

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Edgar Hernandez-Andrade

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, United States of America

Roberto Romero

Roles Funding acquisition

Affiliations Division of Obstetrics and Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Division of Intramural Research, Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America, Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Detroit Medical Center, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America

Sonia S. Hassan

Roles Funding acquisition, Project administration, Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Office of Women’s Health, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Mohammad Mehrmohammadi

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

mehr@wayne.edu

Affiliations Department of Biomedical Engineering, Wayne State University College of Engineering, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.