About the Authors

Ghada M. A. Ajabnoor

Roles Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

gajabnour@kau.edu.sa

Affiliations Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Suhad Bahijri

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliations Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Aliaa Amr Alamoudi

Roles Resources, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Rajaa Al Raddadi

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Jawaher Al-Ahmadi

Roles Methodology, Validation

Affiliations Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Hanan Jambi

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Supervision, Validation

Affiliations Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Department of Food and Nutrition, Faculty of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Anwar Borai

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Resources

Affiliations Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Pathology, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Jaakko Toumilehto

Roles Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Saudi Diabetes Study Research Group, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Public Health Solutions, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland, Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.