https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2898-9792
About the Authors
- Ibrahim Musa Yola
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Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Writing – original draft
Affiliation Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Albin Oh
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Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Gary F. Mitchell
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Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Cardiovascular Engineering, Inc., Norwood, MA, United States of America
- George O’Connor
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Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Department of Medicine, Pulmonary Center, Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Susan Cheng
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Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliation Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
- Ramachandran S. Vasan
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Roles Writing – review & editing
Affiliations Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
- Vanessa Xanthakis
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Roles Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing
* E-mail: vanessax@bu.edu
Affiliations Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States of America, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA, United States of America, Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
Competing Interests
Susan Cheng has received consulting fees from Zogenix for work unrelated to this manuscript. Gary F. Mitchell has the following disclosures: a) grants: NIH, Novartis (both significant); b) consulting: Novartis, Servier, Merck, Bayer (all significant); and c) ownership: Cardiovascular Engineering, Inc. (significant). These affiliations do not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.