About the Authors

Gui-yao Wang

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Supervision

Affiliation School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, P.R China

Yong-gang Huang

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

huangyounger@stu.csust.edu.cn

Affiliation School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, P.R China

Run-fa Li

Roles Investigation

Affiliations School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, P.R China, China Railway Siyuan Engineering Croup Co., Ltd., Wuhan, P.R China

Jing-mei Chang

Roles Investigation

Affiliations School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, P.R China, CCCC First Highway Fifth Engineering Co., Ltd, Langfang, P.R China

Jin-liang Fu

Roles Investigation

Affiliations School of Civil Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha, P.R China, China CEC Engineering Corporation, Changsha, P.R China

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following potential competing interests: RL is a paid employee of China Railway Siyuan Engineering Croup Co., Ltd. JC is a paid employee of CCCC First Highway Fifth Engineering Co., Ltd. JF is a paid employee of China CEC Engineering Corporation. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. There are no patents, products in development or marketed products associated with this research to declare.