About the Authors

Hiromi Arakawa

Contributed equally to this work with: Hiromi Arakawa, Tokie Anme

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

arakawahrn219@iuhw.ac.jp

Affiliation Department of Nursing, International University of Health and Welfare, Ohtawara, Tochigi, Japan

Tokie Anme

Contributed equally to this work with: Hiromi Arakawa, Tokie Anme

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis

Affiliation Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.