About the Authors

Cecilia AI Åkerlund

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

cecilia.akerlund@sll.se

‡ These authors also contributed to the analysis of the data.

Affiliations Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, School of Computer Science and Communication, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

Joseph Donnelly

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed to the analysis of the data.

Affiliation Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Frederick A. Zeiler

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Department of Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Centre on Aging, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Raimund Helbok

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Neurology, Neurological Intensive Care Unit, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

Anders Holst

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed to the analysis of the data.

Affiliation School of Computer Science and Communication, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden

Manuel Cabeleira

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Data curation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Fabian Güiza

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Geert Meyfroidt

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department and Laboratory of Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospitals Leuven and KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium

Marek Czosnyka

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Conceptualization, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom, Institute of Electronic Systems, Warsaw University of Technolology, Warszawa, Poland

Peter Smielewski

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Conceptualization, Software, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Clinical Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

Nino Stocchetti

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Pathophysiology and Transplants, University of Milan, and Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy

Ari Ercole

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed to the analysis of the data.

Affiliation Division of Anaesthesia, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom

David W. Nelson

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

‡ These authors also contributed to the analysis of the data.

Affiliation Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden

the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

Contributed equally to this work with: Cecilia AI Åkerlund, Frederick A. Zeiler, Raimund Helbok, Anders Holst, Manuel Cabeleira, Fabian Güiza, Geert Meyfroidt, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Nino Stocchetti, Ari Ercole, David W. Nelson, the CENTER-TBI High Resolution ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators

A full list of the HR ICU Sub-Study Participants and Investigators is listed in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

The authors have read the journal’s policy and have the following competing interests: ICM+ is a software created in Brain Physics Laboratory and licensed by Cambridge Enterprise Ltd, UK. PS and MC have financial interest in a fraction of licensing fee. Integra LifeSciences provided financial support in respect to data curation. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. There are no other patents, products in development or marketed products associated with this research to declare.