About the Authors

Dwight E. Yin

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

dwight_yin@yahoo.com

Current address: Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America (Note: This research was conducted while employed with Children’s Mercy-Kansas City.)

Affiliations Division of Infectious Diseases and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Innovation, Department of Pediatrics, Children’s Mercy-Kansas City and University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri, United States of America, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Christina Ludema

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, United States of America

Stephen R. Cole

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

Carol E. Golin

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States of America

William C. Miller

Roles Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America

Meredith G. Warshaw

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America

Ross E. McKinney Jr.

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Membership of the PENPACT-1 (PENTA 9 / PACTG 390) Study Team is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Affiliation Association of American Medical Colleges, District of Columbia, Washington, United States of America

on behalf of the PENPACT-1 (PENTA 9 / PACTG 390) Study Team

Membership of the PENPACT-1 (PENTA 9 / PACTG 390) Study Team is provided in the Acknowledgments.

Competing Interests

Although the authors have no financial competing interests for this manuscript, DEY has been an investigator on studies unrelated to HIV supported by Astellas, Chimerix, Merck, Pfizer, Viracor-Eurofins, Kansas City Area Life Sciences Institute, and the Marion Merrell Dow Fund; DEY was a founder and is an unpaid advisory board member for the non-profit Maipelo Children’s Trust/Cover the Globe, which provides HIV services in Botswana. REM has volunteered as an unpaid member of several Gilead data safety and monitoring boards, which are unrelated to this study. The other authors report no conflicts of interests. This does not alter our adherence to all PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials.