About the Authors

Alison Rushton

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Resources, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

arushto3@uwo.ca

Affiliations School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada, Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Feroz Jadhakhan

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Annabel Masson

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Victoria Athey

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

J. Bart Staal

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, IQ Healthcare, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

Martin L. Verra

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physiotherapy, Bern University Hospital, Insel Group, Bern, Switzerland

Andrew Emms

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physiotherapy, The Royal Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Michael Reddington

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Physiotherapy, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Ashley Cole

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedics & Trauma, Sheffield Children’s Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Paul C. Willems

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands

Lorin Benneker

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

Nicola R. Heneghan

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Andrew Soundy

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Supervision, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.