About the Authors

Yonghong Zhou

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Investigation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China

Qi Qiu

Roles Investigation

Affiliation School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China

Kaiwei Luo

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan Province, China

Qiaohong Liao

Roles Investigation

Affiliations School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China, Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Yu Li

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Division of Infectious Disease, Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Early-warning on Infectious Disease, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China

Peng Cui

Roles Investigation

Affiliation School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China

Lu Liang

Roles Investigation

Affiliation West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Yibing Cheng

Roles Investigation

Affiliation Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Henan Children’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China

Lili Wang

Roles Investigation

Affiliation School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China

Kai Wang

Roles Investigation

Affiliation School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China

Le Van Tan

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

H. Rogier van Doorn

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

Hongjie Yu

Roles Conceptualization, Funding acquisition, Resources, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

yhj@fudan.edu.cn

Affiliation School of Public Health, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China

Competing Interests

Hongjie Yu has received research funding from Sanofi Pasteur, GlaxoSmithKline, Yichang HEC Changjiang Pharmaceutical Company, and Shanghai Roche Pharmaceutical Company. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. All other authors declare no competing interests.