About the Authors

Johannes Thrul

Roles Conceptualization, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

jthrul@jhu.edu

Affiliations Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Centre for Alcohol Policy Research, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia

Kira E. Riehm

Roles Project administration, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Joanna E. Cohen

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Institute for Global Tobacco Control, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

G. Caleb Alexander

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliations Center for Drug Safety and Effectiveness, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America, Division of General Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Jon S. Vernick

Roles Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Health Policy and Management, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Ramin Mojtabai

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Supervision, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America

Competing Interests

Dr. Alexander is past Chair of FDA’s Peripheral and Central Nervous System Advisory Committee; has served as a paid advisor to IQVIA; is a Principal and holds equity in Monument Analytics, a health care consultancy whose clients include the life sciences industry as well as plaintiffs in opioid litigation; and is a member of OptumRx’s National P&T Committee. This arrangement has been reviewed and approved by Johns Hopkins University in accordance with its conflict of interest policies. This does not alter our adherence to PLOS ONE policies on sharing data and materials. All other authors have no disclosures to report.