About the Authors

Chen Luo

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Project administration, Visualization, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations School of Journalism and Communication, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China, Department of Communication, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America

Yuru Li

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft

yuru.li@foxmail.com (YL); caftsinghuaedu@gmail.com (AC)

Affiliation Centre for Media, Communication & Information Research, University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany

Anfan Chen

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

yuru.li@foxmail.com (YL); caftsinghuaedu@gmail.com (AC)

Affiliation School of Humanity and Social Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China

Yulong Tang

Roles Conceptualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Institute of Communication Studies, Communication University of China, Beijing, China

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.