About the Authors

Dexuan Sha

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliations NSF Spatiotemporal Innovation Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America, Department of Geography and GeoInformation Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America

Xin Miao

Roles Conceptualization, Formal analysis, Funding acquisition, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft

xinxiao@missouristate.edu

Affiliation Department of Geography, Geology and Planning, Missouri State University, Springfield, MO, United States of America

Hai Lan

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software, Validation, Visualization, Writing – original draft

Affiliations NSF Spatiotemporal Innovation Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America, Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America

Kathleen Stewart

Roles Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliation Department of Geographical Sciences, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States of America

Shiyang Ruan

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Validation

Affiliation Department of Geography and GeoInformation Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America

Yifei Tian

Roles Data curation, Formal analysis, Methodology, Software

Affiliation NSF Spatiotemporal Innovation Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America

Yuyang Tian

Roles Conceptualization, Investigation, Methodology, Resources, Validation, Writing – original draft

Affiliation Mercy Clinic Family Medicine, Springfield, MO, United States of America

Chaowei Yang

Roles Conceptualization, Data curation, Funding acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project administration, Supervision, Validation, Writing – original draft, Writing – review & editing

Affiliations NSF Spatiotemporal Innovation Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America, Department of Geography and GeoInformation Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States of America

Competing Interests

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.